How Does Nissen Fundoplication Work to Stop Acid Reflux?

Written by Elias Darido, MD, FACS

Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a complex disease. A variety of malfunctioning systems contribute to GERD. Esophageal motility, lower esophageal sphincter tone, hiatal hernia, gastric fundus relaxation as well as gastric emptying are some of these systems that contribute to reflux.

Nissen Fundoplication is the gold standard surgery for treatment of acid reflux. At Houston Heartburn and Reflux Center, Nissen Fundoplication is associated with 100% success rate.

The reliability of Nissen fundoplication results from the fact that it works on several mechanisms to stop acid reflux:

  1. Nissen Fundoplication stops acid reflux by strengthening the weakened lower esophageal sphincter. In fact, the upper part of the stomach called gastric fundus is mobilized during a Nissen Fundoplication surgery and wrapped around the lower esophageal sphincter. In this fashion, the gastric fundus creates pressure around the lower esophagus. This high-pressure area prevents acid from backing up into the esophagus.
  2. Nissen fundoplication reduces the frequency of transient lower esophagus sphincter in response to gastric distention
  3. Nissen Fundoplication works is believed to involve moving the acid bubble away from the gastro-esophageal area. Wrapping the gastric fundus around the esophagus changes gastric motility in such a way that acid no longer lingers at the junction between the esophagus and stomach. Thus, acid reflux is less likely to occur.

We continue to explore and better understand Nissen fundoplication mechanism of action. A surgery discovered almost 70 years ago by Dr Nissen. Nissen fundoplication surgery has helped thousands of acid reflux patients in Houston and worldwide.

At Houston Heartburn and Acid Reflux center, it is our privilege to take care of you. We are eager to share with you the latest treatment options for acid reflux disease. We are conveniently located on 610 freeway in the Galleria area in Houston. Please give us a call at 832-945-8717 for more information.

Reference:

“Nature of antireflux barrier formed by Nissen fundoplication surgery” by: Robert Lee Ravinder K Mittal Kenneth J Chang Ninh T Nguyen. Sci Rep. 2025 Sep 30;15(1):34047.